A new analysis of genetic studies suggests the cognitive capacity for language emerged at least 135,000 years ago, with language likely becoming a social tool around 100,000 years ago. Researchers examined genetic data from Y chromosome, mitochondrial DNA, and whole-genome studies to trace the divergence of human populations, reasoning that all languages share a common origin. The study proposes that language initially developed as an internal cognitive system before evolving into a means of social communication. Archaeological evidence of symbolic behavior around 100,000 years ago supports the idea that language played a key role in the development of modern human behavior.
The French paleoanthropologist discusses his book ‘The Last Neanderthal,’ and provides clues about his latest discovery: ‘It’s possible that other, completely unknown human populations existed’
A PBS series 'Human' explores the history of humanity and how *Homo sapiens* became the dominant species on Earth, highlighting the existence of multiple human species and the importance of cooperation in our success.
