An unreleased research version of Claude made unexpected progress in number theory while attempting to solve the Riemann hypothesis, specifically increasing the known lower bound for the proportion of zeros on the critical line from 41.6% up to 67.2%. This mathematical breakthrough was validated by Anthropic mathematicians and produced a formally verifiable proof through Lean.
- The discovery occurred over two sessions using approximately 31 million output tokens via Claude Code.
- A team of about 60 subagents coordinated the research, running thousands of Python scripts and shell commands.
- To ensure novelty, the model cross-referenced its findings against 54 papers from arXiv.
Mathematicians have made a groundbreaking discovery that sheds light on the mysterious world of prime numbers. This breakthrough could lead to new insights into the fundamental building blocks of mathematics.