klotz: biology*

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  1. Evolutionary origin of bioluminescence in the ostracod Vargula tsujii and the integration of conserved secretory genes with novel biochemical pathways to produce light-producing signals.

    * The paper explores the evolutionary origin of bioluminescence in the ostracod Vargula tsujii.
    * Bioluminescence is an ecologically impactful innovation that has evolved convergently multiple times to influence predator-prey interactions and courtship signals.
    * The study finds that the evolutionary novel c-luciferase gene is co-expressed with conserved genes related to toxin production and high-output protein secretion.
    * This suggests that the "legacy-plus-innovation" mode of secretory evolution, previously applied to sensory modalities, also encompasses bioluminescent light as an important medium of ecological interaction and evolutionary innovation.
    * The study contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary origins of bioluminescence and its significance in ecological interactions.

    **Key points:**

    * Bioluminescence has evolved convergently multiple times to influence predator-prey interactions and courtship signals.
    * The evolutionary novel c-luciferase gene is co-expressed with conserved genes related to toxin production and high-output protein secretion.
    * The "legacy-plus-innovation" mode of secretory evolution applies to bioluminescent secretions.
    * The study has implications for our understanding of ecological interactions and evolutionary innovation.
  2. Researchers have mapped the complete neural connectome of a fruit fly, detailing all 139,255 nerve cells and their connections. This advance offers insights into how the brain processes information.
  3. This review article examines the current understanding of the origin and early evolution of eukaryotic cells, highlighting key events and players involved in this process, particularly focusing on the symbiotic relationship between an archaeal host and a bacterial endosymbiont.
  4. This article details a data-driven exploration of owl species, using Wikipedia data to create a network visualization of owl relationships.
  5. Explore the relationships between 2,235,473 species and discover images on a zoomable page.
  6. - Life's evolution on Earth began with single-celled organisms and evolved into complex life forms through environmental factors and extinction events, culminating in the emergence of mammals and ultimately our own species.
    - The article highlights the significance of our species, Homo sapiens, within the grand scheme of things, occurring within the last 300,000 years.
    - Despite the limited time our species exists compared to the vastness of cosmic time, it encourages us to consider the potential for future life forms

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